Water Lettuce
Pistia stratiotes
📖 About this plant
A beautiful free-floating aquatic plant with soft, velvety, light green leaves arranged in a rosette resembling a loose head of lettuce. Its dangling roots provide excellent filtration and shelter for aquatic life. Effective at removing excess nutrients and reducing algae. Adds a lush, tropical look to water gardens and aquariums.
🧑🌾 Care requirements
Full sun to partial shade (4-8 hrs)
Fully aquatic (floating)
Very high (80-100%)
20-30°C
None required — free-floating on water surface
Absorbs nutrients from water, no additional fertilization needed in most setups
🌐 Common Names
📋 Plant facts
- 🌍 Origin
- Tropical and subtropical regions worldwide — possibly Africa or South America
- 📏 Max height
- 15-25 cm above water, 20-40 cm long roots below
- 📐 Spread
- 15-30 cm
- 🕰️ Bloom time
- Non-flowering
- 🎨 Bloom color
- Pale greenish-white (rarely blooms)
- 🍃 Foliage color
- Light Green
- ⏳ Lifespan
- Perennial
- 📈 Growth rate
- Fast
- ☠️ Toxicity
- Mildly toxic if ingested in large quantities — contains diterpenoids
- 🌱 Propagation
- Stolon production — daughter plants form at the base of mature plants
🛡️ Health & Safety
Mildly toxic if ingested in large quantities — contains diterpenoids
Common issues
- Invasive in tropical and subtropical waterways
- Sunburn in intense direct light
- Root damage from strong water agitation
- Snails and pests hiding in root mass
💡 Care tips
- Velvety floating rosettes that resemble miniature lettuce heads
- Provides shade and hiding spots for pond fish and frogs
- Multiply rapidly so thin out regularly to prevent overcrowding
- Do not release into wild waterways as it can become invasive

